Main Difference
The main difference between Weather and Season is that the Weather is a state of the atmosphere and Season is a weather-based subdivision of the year.
Weather
Weather is the state of the atmosphere, describing for example the degree to which it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena occur in the lowest level of the atmosphere, the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather refers to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate is the term for the averaging of atmospheric conditions over longer periods of time. When used without qualification, “weather” is generally understood to mean the weather of Earth.
Weather is driven by air pressure, temperature and moisture differences between one place and another. These differences can occur due to the sun’s angle at any particular spot, which varies with latitude. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the largest scale atmospheric circulations: the Hadley Cell, the Ferrel Cell, the Polar Cell, and the jet stream. Weather systems in the mid-latitudes, such as extratropical cyclones, are caused by instabilities of the jet stream flow. Because the Earth’s axis is tilted relative to its orbital plane, sunlight is incident at different angles at different times of the year. On Earth’s surface, temperatures usually range ±40 °C (−40 °F to 100 °F) annually. Over thousands of years, changes in Earth’s orbit can affect the amount and distribution of solar energy received by the Earth, thus influencing long-term climate and global climate change.
Surface temperature differences in turn cause pressure differences. Higher altitudes are cooler than lower altitudes, as most atmospheric heating is due to contact with the Earth’s surface while radiative losses to space are mostly constant. Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere for a future time and a given location. The Earth’s weather system is a chaotic system; as a result, small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole. Human attempts to control the weather have occurred throughout history, and there is evidence that human activities such as agriculture and industry have modified weather patterns.
Studying how the weather works on other planets has been helpful in understanding how weather works on Earth. A famous landmark in the Solar System, Jupiter’s Great Red Spot, is an anticyclonic storm known to have existed for at least 300 years. However, weather is not limited to planetary bodies. A star’s corona is constantly being lost to space, creating what is essentially a very thin atmosphere throughout the Solar System. The movement of mass ejected from the Sun is known as the solar wind.
Season
A season is a division of the year marked by changes in weather, ecology, and amount of daylight. On Earth, seasons result from Earth’s orbit around the Sun and Earth’s axial tilt relative to the ecliptic plane. In temperate and polar regions, the seasons are marked by changes in the intensity of sunlight that reaches the Earth’s surface, variations of which may cause animals to undergo hibernation or to migrate, and plants to be dormant. Various cultures define the number and nature of seasons based on regional variations.
During May, June, and July, the Northern Hemisphere is exposed to more direct sunlight because the hemisphere faces the Sun. The same is true of the Southern Hemisphere in November, December, and January. It is Earth’s axial tilt that causes the Sun to be higher in the sky during the summer months, which increases the solar flux. However, due to seasonal lag, June, July, and August are the warmest months in the Northern Hemisphere while December, January, and February are the warmest months in the Southern Hemisphere.
In temperate and subpolar regions, four seasons based on the Gregorian calendar are generally recognized: spring, summer, autumn or fall, and winter. The definition of seasons is also cultural. In India from the ancient times, six seasons or Ritu based on south Asian religious or cultural calendars are recognised and identified even today for the purposes such as agriculture and trade. Ecologists often use a six-season model for temperate climate regions which are not tied to any fixed calendar dates: prevernal, vernal, estival, serotinal, autumnal, and hibernal. Many tropical regions have two seasons: the rainy, wet, or monsoon season and the dry season. Some have a third cool, mild, or harmattan season. Seasons often held special significance for agrarian societies, whose lives revolved around planting and harvest times, and the change of seasons was often attended by ritual.
In some parts of the world, some other “seasons” capture the timing of important ecological events such as hurricane season, tornado season, and wildfire season. The most historically important of these are the three seasons—flood, growth, and low water—which were previously defined by the former annual flooding of the Nile in Egypt.
Weather (noun)
The short term state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place, including the temperature, relative humidity, cloud cover, precipitation, wind, etc.
Weather (noun)
Unpleasant or destructive atmospheric conditions, and their effects.
“Wooden garden furniture must be well oiled as it is continuously exposed to weather.”
Weather (noun)
The direction from which the wind is blowing; used attributively to indicate the windward side.
Weather (noun)
A situation.
Weather (noun)
A storm; a tempest.
Weather (noun)
A light shower of rain.
Weather (adjective)
Facing towards the flow of a fluid, usually air.
“weather side, weather helm”
Weather (verb)
To expose to the weather, or show the effects of such exposure, or to withstand such effects.
Weather (verb)
To sustain the trying effect of; to bear up against and overcome; to endure; to resist.
Weather (verb)
To break down, of rocks and other materials, under the effects of exposure to rain, sunlight, temperature, and air.
Weather (verb)
To pass to windward in a vessel, especially to beat ’round.
“to weather a cape; to weather another ship”
Weather (verb)
To endure or survive an event or action without undue damage.
“Joshua weathered a collision with a freighter near South Africa.”
Weather (verb)
To place (a hawk) unhooded in the open air.
Season (noun)
Each of the four divisions of a year: spring, summer, autumn (fall) and winter
“yeartide|yeartime”
Season (noun)
A part of a year when something particular happens
“mating season”
“the rainy season”
“the football season”
Season (noun)
That which gives relish; seasoning.
Season (noun)
The period over which a series of Test matches are played.
Season (noun)
A group of episodes of a television or radio program broadcast in regular intervals with a long break between each group, usually with one year between the beginning of each.
“series q|British English”
“The third season of “Friends” aired from 1996 to 1997.”
Season (noun)
An extended, undefined period of time.
Season (noun)
The full set of downloadable content for a game, which can be purchased with a season pass.
Season (noun)
A fixed period of time in a massively multiplayer online game in which new content (themes, rules, modes, etc.) becomes available, sometimes replacing earlier content.
Season (verb)
To flavour food with spices, herbs or salt.
Season (verb)
To make fit for any use by time or habit; to habituate; to accustom; to inure
“to season oneself to a climate”
Season (verb)
Hence, to prepare by drying or hardening, or removal of natural juices
“The timber needs to be seasoned.”
Season (verb)
To become mature; to grow fit for use; to become adapted to a climate.
Season (verb)
To become dry and hard, by the escape of the natural juices, or by being penetrated with other substance
“The wood has seasoned in the sun.”
Season (verb)
To copulate with; to impregnate.
Season (noun)
each of the four divisions of the year (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) marked by particular weather patterns and daylight hours, resulting from the earth’s changing position with regard to the sun.
Season (noun)
a period of the year characterized by a particular climatic feature or marked by a particular activity, event, or festivity
“the season for gathering pine needles”
“the rainy season”
Season (noun)
a fixed time in the year when a particular sporting activity is pursued
“the English cricket season is almost upon us”
Season (noun)
the time of year when a particular fruit, vegetable, or other food is plentiful and in good condition
“the pies are made with fruit that is in season”
“new season’s lamb”
Season (noun)
a time of year traditionally adopted by the English upper classes for a series of fashionable social events.
Season (noun)
a proper or suitable time
“to everything there is a season”
Season (noun)
an indefinite or unspecified period of time; a while
“this most beautiful soul; who walked with me for a season in this world”
Season (noun)
a set or sequence of related television programmes; a series
“the first two seasons of the show”
Season (noun)
a period when a female mammal is ready to mate
“the bitch can come into season at irregular intervals”
Season (verb)
add salt, herbs, pepper, or other spices to (food)
“season the soup to taste with salt and pepper”
Season (verb)
add a quality or feature to (something), especially so as to make it more lively or exciting
“his conversation is seasoned liberally with exclamation points and punch lines”
Season (verb)
make (wood) suitable for use as timber by adjusting its moisture content to that of the environment in which it will be used
“I collect and season most of my wood”