Main Difference
The main difference between Emerald and Jade is that the Emerald is a green gemstone, a beryl variety and Jade is a ornamental stone.
Emerald
Emerald is a gemstone and a variety of the mineral beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) colored green by trace amounts of chromium and sometimes vanadium. Beryl has a hardness of 7.5–8 on the Mohs scale. Most emeralds are highly included, so their toughness (resistance to breakage) is classified as generally poor. Emerald is a cyclosilicate.
Jade
Jade refers to an ornamental mineral, mostly known for its green varieties. It can refer to either of two different minerals: nephrite, a silicate of calcium and magnesium, or jadeite, a silicate of sodium and aluminium.
Jade is featured prominently in ancient Asian art, as well as having an important place in many other cultures.
Emerald (adjective)
Of a rich green colour.
Emerald (noun)
Any of various green gemstones, especially a green transparent form of beryl, highly valued as a precious stone.
Emerald (noun)
Emerald green, a colour.
Emerald (noun)
A size of type between nonpareil and minion, standardized as 6½-point.
Emerald (verb)
To ornament with, or as if with, emeralds; to make green.
Jade (noun)
A semiprecious stone, either nephrite or jadeite, generally green or white in color, often used for carving figurines.
Jade (noun)
A bright shade of slightly bluish or greyish green, typical of polished jade stones.
“color panel|20A040”
Jade (noun)
A horse too old to be put to work.
Jade (noun)
A bad-tempered or disreputable woman.
Jade (adjective)
Of a grayish shade of green, typical of jade stones.
Jade (verb)
To tire, weary or fatigue
Jade (verb)
To treat like a jade; to spurn.
Jade (verb)
To make ridiculous and contemptible.
Emerald (noun)
a bright green precious stone consisting of a chromium-rich variety of beryl
“an emerald necklace”
Emerald (noun)
a bright green colour
“the sea glistened in shades of emerald and jade”
Emerald (noun)
a slender-bodied green moth, the colour of which tends to fade as the moth ages.
Emerald (noun)
a hawker dragonfly with a metallic green body.
Emerald (noun)
a small hummingbird with bright metallic green plumage and darker wings and tail, found mainly in the area of the Caribbean and Central America.
Emerald (adjective)
bright green in colour
“beyond the airport lay emerald hills”
Jade (noun)
a hard, typically green stone used for ornaments and implements and consisting of the minerals jadeite or nephrite
“a jade figurine”
Jade (noun)
an ornament made of jade.
Jade (noun)
a light bluish-green
“a silk blouse in a vivid jade green”
Jade (noun)
a bad-tempered or disreputable woman.
Jade (noun)
an old or worn-out horse.