Main Difference
The main difference between Emerald and Jade is that the Emerald is a green gemstone, a beryl variety and Jade is a ornamental stone.
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Emerald
Emerald is a gemstone and a variety of the mineral beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) colored green by trace amounts of chromium and sometimes vanadium. Beryl has a hardness of 7.5–8 on the Mohs scale. Most emeralds are highly included, so their toughness (resistance to breakage) is classified as generally poor. Emerald is a cyclosilicate.
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Jade
Jade refers to an ornamental mineral, mostly known for its green varieties. It can refer to either of two different minerals: nephrite, a silicate of calcium and magnesium, or jadeite, a silicate of sodium and aluminium.
Jade is featured prominently in ancient Asian art, as well as having an important place in many other cultures.
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Emerald (adjective)
Of a rich green colour.
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Emerald (noun)
Any of various green gemstones, especially a green transparent form of beryl, highly valued as a precious stone.
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Emerald (noun)
Emerald green, a colour.
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Emerald (noun)
A size of type between nonpareil and minion, standardized as 6½-point.
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Emerald (verb)
To ornament with, or as if with, emeralds; to make green.
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Jade (noun)
A semiprecious stone, either nephrite or jadeite, generally green or white in color, often used for carving figurines.
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Jade (noun)
A bright shade of slightly bluish or greyish green, typical of polished jade stones.
“color panel|20A040”
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Jade (noun)
A horse too old to be put to work.
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Jade (noun)
A bad-tempered or disreputable woman.
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Jade (adjective)
Of a grayish shade of green, typical of jade stones.
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Jade (verb)
To tire, weary or fatigue
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Jade (verb)
To treat like a jade; to spurn.
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Jade (verb)
To make ridiculous and contemptible.
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Emerald (noun)
a bright green precious stone consisting of a chromium-rich variety of beryl
“an emerald necklace”
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Emerald (noun)
a bright green colour
“the sea glistened in shades of emerald and jade”
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Emerald (noun)
a slender-bodied green moth, the colour of which tends to fade as the moth ages.
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Emerald (noun)
a hawker dragonfly with a metallic green body.
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Emerald (noun)
a small hummingbird with bright metallic green plumage and darker wings and tail, found mainly in the area of the Caribbean and Central America.
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Emerald (adjective)
bright green in colour
“beyond the airport lay emerald hills”
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Jade (noun)
a hard, typically green stone used for ornaments and implements and consisting of the minerals jadeite or nephrite
“a jade figurine”
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Jade (noun)
an ornament made of jade.
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Jade (noun)
a light bluish-green
“a silk blouse in a vivid jade green”
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Jade (noun)
a bad-tempered or disreputable woman.
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Jade (noun)
an old or worn-out horse.