Main Difference
The main difference between Banquet and Catering is that the Banquet is a large meal or feast and Catering is a commercial food service.
Banquet
A banquet (; French: [bɑ̃.kɛ]) is a large meal or feast, complete with main courses and desserts, often served with ad libitum alcoholic beverages, such as wine or beer. A banquet usually serves a purpose such as a charitable gathering, a ceremony, or a celebration, and is often preceded or followed by speeches in honor of someone.
In the majority of banquets, the gathering is seated at round tables with around 8-10 people per table.
Catering
Catering is the business of providing food service at a remote site or a site such as a hotel, hospital, pub, aircraft, cruise ship, park, filming site or studio, entertainment site, or event venue.
Banquet (noun)
A large celebratory meal; a feast.
Banquet (noun)
A dessert; a course of sweetmeats.
Banquet (verb)
To participate in a banquet; to feast.
Banquet (verb)
To have dessert after a feast.
Banquet (verb)
To treat with a banquet or sumptuous entertainment of food; to feast.
Catering (noun)
The business of providing food and related services; foodservice.
Catering (noun)
The business of providing such services for special occasions.
Catering (noun)
The act of one who caters (to something).
Catering (verb)
present participle of cater
Banquet (noun)
an elaborate and formal evening meal for many people
“a state banquet at Buckingham Palace”
Banquet (noun)
an elaborate meal with several courses; a feast
“a lavish five-course banquet”
“a veritable banquet of seasonal events”
Banquet (verb)
entertain with a banquet
“a banqueting hall”
Catering (noun)
the provision of food and drink at a social event or other gathering
“high standards of catering”