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Role
A role (also rôle or social role) is a set of connected behaviors, rights, obligations, beliefs, and norms as conceptualized by people in a social situation. It is an expected or free or continuously changing behaviour and may have a given individual social status or social position. It is vital to both functionalist and interactionist understandings of society. Social role posits the following about social behaviour:
The division of labour in society takes the form of the interaction among heterogeneous specialised positions, we call roles.
Social roles included appropriate and permitted forms of behaviour and actions that reccur in a group, guided by social norms, which are commonly known and hence determine the expectations for appropriate behaviour in these roles, which further explains the place of a person in the society.
Roles are occupied by individuals, who are called actors.
When individuals approve of a social role (i.e., they consider the role legitimate and constructive), they will incur costs to conform to role norms, and will also incur costs to punish those who violate role norms.
Changed conditions can render a social role outdated or illegitimate, in which case social pressures are likely to lead to role change.
The anticipation of rewards and punishments, as well as the satisfaction of behaving prosocially, account for why agents conform to role requirements.
The notion of the role is examined in the social sciences, more specifically economics, sociology and organisation theory.
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Role (noun)
A character or part played by a performer or actor.
“My neighbor was the lead role in last year’s village play.”
“Her dream was to get a role in a Hollywood movie, no matter how small.”
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Role (noun)
The expected behaviour of an individual in a society.
“The role of women has changed significantly in the last century.”
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Role (noun)
The function or position of something.
“Local volunteers played an important role in cleaning the beach after the oil spill.”
“What rôle does the wax in your earhole fulfill?”
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Role (noun)
Designation that denotes an associated set of responsibilities, knowledge, skills, and attitudes
“The project manager role is responsible for ensuring that everyone on the team knows and executes his or her assigned tasks.”
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Role (noun)
: The function of a word in a phrase.
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Roll (verb)
To cause to revolve by turning over and over; to move by turning on an axis; to impel forward by causing to turn over and over on a supporting surface.
“To roll a wheel, a ball, or a barrel.”
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Roll (verb)
To turn over and over.
“The child will roll on the floor.”
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Roll (verb)
To tumble in gymnastics; to do a somersault.
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Roll (verb)
To wrap (something) round on itself; to form into a spherical or cylindrical body by causing to turn over and over.
“To roll a sheet of paper; to roll clay or putty into a ball.”
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Roll (verb)
To bind or involve by winding, as in a bandage; to enwrap; often with up.
“To roll up the map for shipping.”
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Roll (verb)
To be wound or formed into a cylinder or ball.
“The cloth rolls unevenly; the snow rolls well.”
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Roll (verb)
To drive or impel forward with an easy motion, as of rolling.
“This river will roll its waters to the ocean.”
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Roll (verb)
To utter copiously, especially with sounding words; to utter with a deep sound; — often with forth, or out.
“To roll forth someone’s praises; to roll out sentences.”
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Roll (verb)
To press or level with a roller; to spread or form with a roll, roller, or rollers.
“to roll a field;”
“to roll paste;”
“to roll steel rails.”
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Roll (verb)
To spread itself under a roller or rolling-pin.
“The pastry rolls well.”
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Roll (verb)
To move, or cause to be moved, upon, or by means of, rollers or small wheels.
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Roll (verb)
To leave or begin a journey.
“I want to get there early; let’s roll.”
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Roll (verb)
To compete, especially with vigor.
“OK guys, we’re only down by two points. Let’s roll!”
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Roll (verb)
To beat with rapid, continuous strokes, as a drum; to sound a roll upon.
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Roll (verb)
To apply (one line or surface) to another without slipping; to bring all the parts of (one line or surface) into successive contact with another, in such a manner that at every instant the parts that have been in contact are equal.
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Roll (verb)
To turn over in one’s mind; to revolve.
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Roll (verb)
To behave in a certain way; to adopt a general disposition toward a situation.
“I was going to kick his ass, but he wasn’t worth getting all worked up over; I don’t roll like that.”
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Roll (verb)
To throw dice.
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Roll (verb)
To roll dice such that they form a given pattern or total.
“If you roll doubles, you get an extra turn.”
“With two dice, you’re more likely to roll seven than ten.”
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Roll (verb)
To create a new character in a role-playing game, especially by using dice to determine properties.
“I’m gonna go and roll a new shaman tonight.”
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Roll (verb)
To generate a random number.
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Roll (verb)
To rotate on its fore-and-aft axis, causing its sides to go up and down. Compare with pitch.
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Roll (verb)
To travel by sailing.
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Roll (verb)
To beat up; to attack and cause physical damage to.
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Roll (verb)
To cause to betray secrets or to testify for the prosecution.
“The feds rolled him by giving him a free pass for most of what he’d done.”
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Roll (verb)
To betray secrets.
“He rolled on those guys after being in jail two days.”
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Roll (verb)
To be under the influence of MDMA (a psychedelic stimulant, also known as ecstasy).
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Roll (verb)
To film.
“The cameras are rolling.”
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Roll (verb)
To slip past (a defender) with the ball.
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Roll (verb)
To have a rolling aspect.
“the hills rolled on”
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Roll (verb)
To perform a periodical revolution; to move onward as with a revolution.
“The years roll on.”
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Roll (verb)
To move, like waves or billows, with alternate swell and depression.
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Roll (verb)
to move and cause an effect on someone
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Roll (verb)
To make a loud or heavy rumbling noise.
“The thunder rolled and the lightning flashed.”
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Roll (verb)
To utter with an alveolar trill.
“Many languages roll their r’s.”
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Roll (verb)
To enrobe in toilet-paper (as a prank or spectacle).
“The kids rolled the principal’s house and yard.”
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Roll (verb)
To create a customized version of something.
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Roll (verb)
2010, page 208, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Io7hHlVN3qQC&pg=PA208&dq=%22roll%22]
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Roll (noun)
The act or result of rolling, or state of being rolled.
“the roll of a ball”
“Look at the roll of the waves.”
“a roll of parchment”
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Roll (noun)
A forward or backward roll in gymnastics; going head over heels. A tumble.
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Roll (noun)
That which rolls; a roller.
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Roll (noun)
A heavy cylinder used to break clods.
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Roll (noun)
One of a set of revolving cylinders, or rollers, between which metal is pressed, formed, or smoothed, as in a rolling mill.
“to pass rails through the rolls”
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Roll (noun)
That which is rolled up.
“a roll of fat, of wool, paper, cloth, etc.”
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Roll (noun)
A document written on a piece of parchment, paper, or other materials which may be rolled up; a scroll.
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Roll (noun)
Hence, an official or public document; a register; a record; also, a catalogue; a list.
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Roll (noun)
A quantity of cloth wound into a cylindrical form.
“a roll of carpeting; a roll of ribbon”
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Roll (noun)
A kind of shortened raised biscuit or bread, often rolled or doubled upon itself; see also bread roll.
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Roll (noun)
The oscillating movement of a nautical vessel as it rotates from side to side, on its pitching; or the equivalent in an aircraft.
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Roll (noun)
The measure or extent to which a vessel rotates from side to side, on its fore-and-aft axis.
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Roll (noun)
A heavy, reverberatory sound.
“Hear the roll of cannon.”
“Hear the roll of thunder.”
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Roll (noun)
The uniform beating of a drum with strokes so rapid as scarcely to be distinguished by the ear.
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Roll (noun)
Part; office; duty; rôle.
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Roll (noun)
A measure of parchments, containing five dozen.
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Roll (noun)
The rotation angle about the longitudinal axis.
“Calculate the roll of that aircraft.”
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Roll (noun)
The act of, or total resulting from, rolling one or more dice.
“Make your roll.”
“Whoever gets the highest roll moves first.”
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Roll (noun)
A winning streak of continuing luck, especially at gambling and especially in the phrase on a roll.
“He is on a roll tonight.”
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Roll (noun)
A training match for a fighting dog.
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Roll (verb)
move in a particular direction by turning over and over on an axis
“the car rolled down into a ditch”
“she rolled the ball across the floor”
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Roll (verb)
turn over to face a different direction
“they rolled him over on to his back”
“she rolled on to her side”
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Roll (verb)
turn (one’s eyes) upwards, typically to show surprise or disapproval
“Sarah rolled her eyes to the ceiling”
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Roll (verb)
lie down and turn over and over while remaining in the same place
“the buffalo rolled in the dust”
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Roll (verb)
(of a moving ship, aircraft, or vehicle) rock or oscillate round an axis parallel to the direction of motion
“the ship pitched and rolled”
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Roll (verb)
move along or from side to side unsteadily or uncontrollably
“they were rolling about with laughter”
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Roll (verb)
overturn (a vehicle)
“he rolled his Mercedes in a 100 mph crash”
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Roll (verb)
throw (a die or dice)
“he put all his chips on the table and rolled the dice”
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Roll (verb)
obtain (a particular score) by throwing a die or dice
“roll a 2, 3, or 12”
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Roll (verb)
(of a vehicle) move or run on wheels
“the van was rolling along the lane”
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Roll (verb)
move or push (a wheeled object)
“Pat rolled the trolley to and fro”
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Roll (verb)
make a car window or a window blind move up or down by turning a handle
“do not roll down the window to give a stranger directions”
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Roll (verb)
(of a drop of liquid) flow
“huge tears rolled down her cheeks”
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Roll (verb)
(of time) elapse steadily
“the years rolled by”
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Roll (verb)
(of a product) issue from (an assembly line or machine)
“the first copies of the newspaper rolled off the presses”
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Roll (verb)
(of waves, smoke, cloud, or fog) move or flow forward with an undulating motion
“the fog rolled across the fields”
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Roll (verb)
(of land) extend in gentle undulations.
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Roll (verb)
(of credits for a film or television programme) be displayed as if moving on a roller up the screen
“the end credits rolled and the title came up”
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Roll (verb)
(with reference to a machine, device, or system) operate or begin operating
“the cameras started to roll”
“roll the camera”
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Roll (verb)
start moving; take action
“the coast’s clear—let’s roll”
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Roll (verb)
behave in a particular way
“that’s just how I roll, guys—I’ll smile until I physically can’t”
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Roll (verb)
turn (something flexible) over and over on itself to form a cylinder, tube, or ball
“she started to roll up her sleeping bag”
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Roll (verb)
fold the edge of a garment over on itself a number of times to shorten it
“she rolled up her sleeves to wash her hands”
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Roll (verb)
make (something) by forming material into a cylinder or ball
“Harry rolled himself a joint”
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Roll (verb)
curl up tightly
“the shock made the hedgehog roll into a ball”
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Roll (verb)
flatten (something) by passing a roller over it or by passing it between rollers
“roll out the dough on a floured surface”
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Roll (verb)
(of a loud, deep sound) reverberate
“the first peals of thunder rolled across the sky”
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Roll (verb)
pronounce (a consonant, typically an r) with a trill
“when he wanted to emphasize a point he rolled his rrrs”
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Roll (verb)
utter (a word or words) with a reverberating or vibratory effect
“he rolled the word round his mouth”
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Roll (verb)
(of words) flow effortlessly or mellifluously
“the names of his colleagues rolled off his lips”
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Roll (verb)
rob (someone, typically when they are intoxicated or asleep)
“if you don’t get drunk, you don’t get rolled”
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Roll (noun)
a cylinder formed by winding flexible material round a tube or by turning it over and over on itself without folding
“a roll of carpet”
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Roll (noun)
a cylindrical mass of something or a number of items arranged in a cylindrical shape
“a roll of mints”
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Roll (noun)
an item of food that is made by wrapping a flat sheet of pastry, cake, meat, or fish round a sweet or savoury filling
“salmon and rice rolls”
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Roll (noun)
a quantity of banknotes rolled together
“I should eat out, enjoy the fat roll I’d taken out of my account”
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Roll (noun)
a movement in which someone or something turns or is turned over on itself
“a roll of the dice”
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Roll (noun)
a gymnastic exercise in which a person tucks their head down and rolls their body in a forward or backwards circle on the floor
“I used my momentum and tucked into a roll”
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Roll (noun)
a complete rotation by a flying aircraft about its longitudinal axis.
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Roll (noun)
a swaying or oscillation of a ship, aircraft, or vehicle round an axis parallel to the direction of motion
“the car corners capably with a minimum of roll”
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Roll (noun)
a prolonged, deep, reverberating sound
“thunder exploded, roll after roll”
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Roll (noun)
one of the basic patterns (rudiments) of drumming, consisting of a sustained, rapid alternation of single or double strokes of each stick.
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Roll (noun)
a very small loaf of bread, to be eaten by one person
“soup with a roll”
“a bacon roll”
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Roll (noun)
an official list or register of names
“the school had no one by his name on its roll”
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Roll (noun)
the total number of names on a roll
“a review of secondary schools to assess the effects of falling rolls”
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Roll (noun)
a document, typically an official record, historically kept in scroll form.
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Roll (noun)
undulation of the landscape
“hidden by the roll of the land was a refinery”
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Roll (noun)
a roller for flattening something, especially one used to shape metal in a rolling mill.